DONOFRIO, P.J.
Plaintiffs appeal as of right the trial court's order granting summary disposition in favor of defendant in this mortgage foreclosure dispute. Because defendant was not authorized to proceed with the sheriff's sale, given that it had failed to record its mortgage interest before the sale as required by MCL 600.3204(3), we reverse and remand.
On July 11, 2007, plaintiffs (husband and wife) obtained a $615,000 loan from Washington Mutual Bank (the Bank) to refinance their home. As security for their
On November 30, 2009, plaintiffs filed a complaint against defendant seeking, among other relief, to set aside the sheriff's sale. Thereafter, defendant moved for summary disposition; plaintiffs countered defendant's motion by asserting entitlement to summary disposition under MCR 2.116(I)(2). Pertinent to this appeal, plaintiffs argued that defendant had failed to satisfy the statutory requisites to foreclose by advertisement because it failed to record its mortgage interest before the sheriff's sale. Relying on an opinion of the Michigan Attorney General, OAG, 2003-2004, No. 7147, p. 93 (January 9, 2004), the trial court determined that defendant was not required to record its interest before the sale because it acquired its interest by operation of law. For this and other reasons not relevant to this appeal, the trial court granted summary disposition in defendant's favor.
We review de novo a trial court's decision on a motion for summary disposition. Coblentz v. City of Novi, 475 Mich. 558, 567, 719 N.W.2d 73 (2006). Defendant moved for summary disposition pursuant to both MCR 2.116(C)(8) and (10). A motion under subrule (C)(8) tests the legal sufficiency of the complaint using the pleadings alone "to determine whether the claim is so clearly unenforceable as a matter of law that no factual development could establish the claim and justify recovery." Smith v. Stolberg, 231 Mich.App. 256, 258, 586 N.W.2d 103 (1998). Summary disposition under subrule (C)(10) is appropriate "if the affidavits or other documentary evidence demonstrate that there is no genuine issue with respect to any material fact, and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Miller v. Purcell, 246 Mich.App. 244, 246, 631 N.W.2d 760 (2001). Plaintiffs sought summary disposition pursuant to MCR 2.116(I)(2), which is properly granted if the opposing party, rather than the moving party, is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Auto-Owners Ins. Co. v. Martin, 284 Mich.App. 427, 433, 773 N.W.2d 29 (2009).
Plaintiffs argue that the trial court erred by granting summary disposition for defendant because chapter 32 of the Revised Judicature Act (RJA), MCL 600.3201 et seq., concerning foreclosure by advertisement, required defendant to record its mortgage interest "prior to" the sheriff's sale. When interpreting statutory language, "[our] goal is to ascertain and give effect to the intent of the Legislature by enforcing plain language as it is written." Detroit v. Detroit Plaza Ltd. Partnership, 273 Mich.App. 260, 276, 730 N.W.2d 523 (2006). Thus, our analysis begins with the statutory language itself. Ameritech Publishing, Inc. v. Dep't of Treasury, 281 Mich.App. 132, 147, 761 N.W.2d 470 (2008). When language is clear and unambiguous, we must apply the terms of the statute to the circumstances
At the time of the foreclosure proceedings at issue, MCL 600.3204
In this case, defendant was not the original mortgagee and acquired its interest in the mortgage by assignment.
Defendant argues that the recording provision of MCL 600.3204(3) is inapplicable because defendant acquired its interest in the mortgage by operation of law. The trial court granted summary disposition in defendant's favor on this basis. MCL 600.3204(3), however, makes no exception for mortgage interests acquired "by operation of law." "A court must not judicially legislate by adding into a statute provisions that the Legislature did not include." In re Wayne Co. Prosecutor, 232 Mich.App. 482, 486, 591 N.W.2d 359 (1998). Because the Attorney General's opinion in OAG No. 7147 did not comport with the plain statutory language at issue here, the trial court's reliance on the opinion was misplaced. In pronouncing that assignments effected by operation of law need not be recorded before foreclosure by advertisement, the Attorney General was addressing
In any event, it does not appear that defendant acquired its interest by operation of law. The FDIC was appointed as the Bank's receiver, and 12 U.S.C. § 1821 governed the FDIC's authority. That statute states, in pertinent part:
The FDIC had the authority to dispose of the Bank's assets as set forth in 12 U.S.C. § 1821(d)(2)(G), which provides:
Consistently with this authority, the FDIC and defendant entered into the purchase and assumption agreement, pursuant to which defendant acquired plaintiffs' indebtedness. The agreement states that defendant, as the "Assuming Bank," "desires to purchase substantially all of the assets and assume all deposit and substantially all other liabilities of the Failed Bank...." Article III of the agreement, pertaining to the "PURCHASE OF ASSETS," provides, in relevant part:
Reading the agreement together with the federal statutory provisions, it appears that the FDIC, as receiver, rather than defendant, acquired the Bank's rights, titles, powers and privileges "by operation of law." Defendant simply purchased the loans from the FDIC after they were transferred to the FDIC by operation of law.
Reversed and remanded. We do not retain jurisdiction. Plaintiffs, being the prevailing parties, may tax costs pursuant to MCR 7.219.
STEPHENS and RONAYNE KRAUSE, JJ., concurred with DONOFRIO, P.J.